@MastersThesis{Souza:1997:EsObSo,
                pages = "138",
                month = "1997-02-07",
                  ibi = "6qtX3pFwXQZGivnJSY/HtxUs",
                  url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/6qtX3pFwXQZGivnJSY/HtxUs",
                title = "Um estudo observacional sobre o padr{\~a}o de dipolo de anomalias 
                         de temperatura da superf{\'{\i}}cie do mar no Oceano 
                         Atl{\^a}ntico Tropical",
                 year = "1997",
             keywords = "circula{\c{c}}{\~a}o atmosf{\'e}rica, zonas de 
                         converg{\^e}ncia intertropical (ZCIT), ventos de dipolo, 
                         mudan{\c{c}}as clim{\'a}ticas, bacia do Atl{\^a}ntico 
                         Tropical.",
             abstract = "Neste trabalho investigou-se, sob o ponto de vista observacional, 
                         as caracter{\'{\i}}sticas dominantes da circula{\c{c}}{\~a}o 
                         atmosf{\'e}rica de grande escala, desde a superf{\'{\i}}cie 
                         at{\'e} os altos n{\'{\i}}veis da troposfera, durante os anos 
                         em que se observaram a manifesta{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos eventos do 
                         Padr{\~a}o de Dipolo sobre a Bacia do Atl{\^a}ntico Tropical. Os 
                         eventos de Dipolo foram selecionados pelos anos que apresentaram o 
                         sinal contr{\'a}rio entre os {\'{\i}}ndices normalizados de TSM 
                         computados nas Bacias Norte e Sul do Atl{\^a}ntico Tropical 
                         (Servain, 1991). Os resultados mais importantes das an{\'a}lises 
                         dos campos compostos mensais e sazonais, calculados para um total 
                         de 11 casos para cada fase positiva e negativa do Dipolo, foram os 
                         seguintes: As rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es entre as vari{\'a}veis 
                         oce{\^a}nicas e atmosf{\'e}ricas na superf{\'{\i}}cie do 
                         Atl{\^a}ntico concordaram com os estudos anteriores (Hastenrath e 
                         Heller, 1977; Nobre, 1993; Nobre e Shukla, 1996) e o gradiente 
                         t{\'e}rmico norte-sul e inter-hemisf{\'e}rico modulou o 
                         posicionamento da banda de nebulosidade e precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o 
                         associada {\`a} Zona de Converg{\^e}ncia Intertropical e, 
                         consequentemente, as anomalias de precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o durante 
                         os meses da pr{\'e}-esta{\c{c}}{\~a}o e esta{\c{c}}{\~a}o 
                         chuvosa do setor norte do Nordeste Brasileiro. As an{\'a}lises 
                         observacionais da circula{\c{c}}{\~a}o atmosf{\'e}rica em 
                         altitude evidenciaram a manifesta{\c{c}}{\~a}o da 
                         circula{\c{c}}{\~a}o meridional an{\^o}mala e termicamente 
                         direta simulada por Moura e Shukla (1981). Durante a fase de 
                         desenvolvimento dos eventos de Dipolo observados sobre a BaCia do 
                         Atl{\^a}ntico Tropical, os fluxos das radia{\c{c}}{\~o}es de 
                         onda curta e longa e os fluxos de calor latente (associado aos 
                         processos evaporativos da {\'a}gua oce{\^a}nica) agem 
                         cooperativamente para a g{\^e}nese e manuten{\c{c}}{\~a}o do 
                         padr{\~a}o inverso de anomalias de TSM relacionado ao modo do 
                         Dipolo. ABSTRACT: This work presents an observational analysis of 
                         the large scale atmospheric circulation domain at the surface and 
                         high levels of the troposphere, during the periods in wich dipole 
                         events were observed over the Tropical Atlantic Ocean. The dipole 
                         events were selected looking the SST standardized indices 
                         calculated to the North and South Atlantic Basins (Servain, 1991). 
                         The analysis of the monthly and seasonal composities computaded 
                         for eleven cases of both positive and negative phases of the 
                         Dipole, reveal the following results: The relationship between 
                         atmospheric and oceanic variables over the tropical Atlantic 
                         surface, agree with previous works (Hastenrath and Heller; Nobre, 
                         1993; Nobre e Shukla, 1996) and the interhemispheric SST gradient 
                         is crucial in steering the position of the Intertropical 
                         Convergence Zone, which is the major precipitation-producing 
                         system for the rainy season (February through May) of Northeast 
                         Brazil. The anomalous meridional circulation, simulated by Moura 
                         and Shukla (1981), it was evidenced by the observational analysis 
                         of the atmospheric circulation in the troposphere of the Atlantic 
                         Ocean. During the development phase of the Dipole events observed 
                         over the Tropical Atlantic Basin, the short and long wave fluxes 
                         and latent heat fluxes (associated with evaporative processes) act 
                         together to the genesis and maintenance of the inverse SST 
                         anomalies pattern related with Dipole mode.",
           copyholder = "SID/SCD",
            committee = "Vadlamudi, Brahmananda Rao (presidente) and Nobre, Paulo 
                         (orientador) and Cavalcanti, Iracema Fonseca de Albuquerque and 
                         Prakki, Satyamurty and Silva Dias, Pedro Leite da",
         englishtitle = "An observational study abouth the sea surface temperature 
                         anomalies dipole pattern over the Tropical Atlantic Ocean",
               school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
             language = "pt",
               author = "Souza, Everaldo Barreiros de",
           targetfile = "INPE-6392-TDI-608.pdf",
              address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
        urlaccessdate = "09 ago. 2022"
}