@Book{RobinneBKFKGWS:2018:SuNoGl,
               editor = "Robinne, Fran{\c{c}}ois Nicolas and Burns, Janice and Kant, 
                         Promode and Flannigan, Mike D. and Kleine, Michael and Groot, Bill 
                         de and Wotton, D. Mike and Setzer, Alberto Waingort",
                title = "Global fire challenges in a warming world: summary note of a 
                         Global Expert Workshop on Fire and Climate Change",
            publisher = "IUFRO",
                 year = "2018",
              address = "Vienna",
             keywords = "global fire, warming world, climate change.",
             abstract = "Today, catastrophic wildfires are increasingly common across the 
                         globe. Recent disasters have attracted media attention and 
                         strengthened the perception of wildfires as bad events, a plague 
                         worsened by climate change that has yet to be eradicated. Although 
                         it is true that fire has a destructive potential, the reality of 
                         global fire activity depicts a much more complex picture in which 
                         fire can be a useful, if not necessary, tool for food security and 
                         the preservation of cultural landscapes, as well as a an integral 
                         element of many ecosystems and their biodiversity. Global fire 
                         activity is shaped by diverse social, economic, and natural 
                         drivers influencing the fire environment. The culminating 
                         complexity of these factors defines in turn the likelihood of a 
                         landscape to burn and the potential positive or negative outcomes 
                         for communities and ecosystems that can result from a blaze. 
                         Although many regions remain understudied, the effects of ongoing 
                         climate change associated to other planetary changes are already 
                         visible, transforming fire activity in ways that are not well 
                         understood but that will likely be dramatic, with potential dire 
                         consequences to nature and society in case of adaptation failure. 
                         Based on the limited available statistics, there is a growing 
                         trend in the costs of wildfires. On top of human lives that are 
                         lost to the flames or smoke and the billions of dollars imputable 
                         to firefighting and insurance coverage, the growing interest in 
                         costs linked to healthcare, business stability, or the provision 
                         of ecosystem services such as drinking-water indicates negative 
                         economic consequences impacting countries GDP and social 
                         stability. Attempts to evaluate the future costs of wildfire 
                         disasters point at a worsening situation, yet the list of possible 
                         social and economic effects is likely incomplete and the magnitude 
                         of envisaged impacts is likely conservative. Notwithstanding the 
                         difficulties inherent to global climate modeling, there is a 
                         scientific consensus on the future increase in the frequency of 
                         fire-conducive weather associated with drier ecosystems, a mix 
                         that will eventually result in more frequent and intense fire 
                         activity. When combined with an ever-growing world population and 
                         unsustainable land uses, the conditions leading to fire disaster 
                         will only be intensified. Although fire governance has 
                         historically advocated for fire suppression, a No Fire motto is 
                         not an option anymore in the new fire reality. Current policies 
                         aiming at total fire suppression have been shown to be detrimental 
                         and are therefore outdated. The key to wildfire disaster risk 
                         reduction in a changing world now lies in learning to live with 
                         fire. Investments in international cooperation, integrated 
                         management, local community involvement, cutting-edge 
                         technologies, and long-term data collection are critically needed 
                         to ensure the future of fire disaster risk mitigation. Moreover, 
                         future land development policies must prioritize the protection 
                         and the restoration of natural and cultural landscapes that have 
                         been degraded by the inappropriate use of fire or, conversely, by 
                         historical fire exclusion; keeping a place for fire in forest 
                         resource management and landscape restoration has been shown to be 
                         a cost-effective and efficient solution to reduce fire hazard.",
          affiliation = "{} and {} and {} and {} and {} and {} and {} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
             language = "en",
                pages = "60",
           targetfile = "op32.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "03 maio 2024"
}